Ruaridh Macdonald

Research Scientist at the MIT Energy Initiative

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I’m a research scientist at the MIT Energy Initiative, where I am the Energy Systems Research Lead. My research is focused on improving energy system modelling tools to better support decision-making in infrastructure planning, R&D decisions and policy design. My recent work has looked at how best to compress model inputs to allow for decades of weather and demand data to be considered, incorporate important nonlinear details in technology representations, co-optimize multi-sector models, and decompose models so that they can be solved on large computing clusters. I use these tools to answer contemporary energy questions, particularly around grid reliability, intersectoral coupling, and the role of emerging technologies.

I am a co-lead developer of the MacroEnergy, GenX, Dolphyn, and Navi tools.

I’m originally from the UK & completed my PhD in Nuclear Science & Engineering at MIT.

Selected publications

  1. Dynamic optimization of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers considering usage-based degradation
    Landon Schofield, Benjamin Paren, Ruaridh Macdonald, and 2 more authors
    AIChE Journal, 2025
  2. Sectoral and spatial decomposition methods for multi-sector capacity expansion models
    Federico Parolin, Yu Weng, Paolo Colbertaldo, and 1 more author
    arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.08503, 2025
  3. A decomposition algorithm using multiple linear approximations to solve integrated design and scheduling optimization frameworks-case study of nuclear based co-production of electricity and hydrogen
    Taemin Heo, Dharik S Mallapragada, and Ruaridh Macdonald
    Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2025
  4. Techno-economic analysis of decarbonized backup power systems using scenario-based stochastic optimization
    Jonas Schweiger and Ruaridh Macdonald
    Energies, 2025
  5. The Competitive Space for Thermal Energy Storage on Decarbonizing Grids
    Nicolas Trosino, Heddy Barale, Ruaridh Macdonald, and 2 more authors
    In Energy Solutions for a Sustainable and Inclusive Future, 46th IAEE International Conference, June 15-18, 2025, 2025
  6. MacroEnergy. jl: A large-scale multi-sector energy system framework
    Ruaridh Macdonald, Filippo Pecci, Luca Bonaldo, and 4 more authors
    arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.21943, 2025
  7. Improved formulation for long-duration storage in capacity expansion models using representative periods
    Federico Parolin, Paolo Colbertaldo, and Ruaridh Macdonald
    arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.19079, 2024
  8. Effects of charging and discharging capabilities on trade-offs between model accuracy and computational efficiency in pumped thermal electricity storage
    Taemin Heo and Ruaridh Macdonald
    arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.07805, 2024
  9. Integrated Design and Scheduling Optimization of Multi-product processes - case study of Nuclear-Based Hydrogen and Electricity Co-Production
    Ruaridh Macdonald and Dharik Mallapragada
    Systems and Control Transactions, 2024
  10. UO2-fueled microreactors: Near-term solutions to emerging markets
    Kororush Shirvan, Jacopo Buongiorno, Ruaridh MacDonald, and 5 more authors
    Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2023
  11. Physical cryptographic verification of nuclear warheads
    R Scott Kemp, Areg Danagoulian, Ruaridh R Macdonald, and 1 more author
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2016